The Adapter Pattern
`std::queue` is not a fundamental data structure itself. It is a wrapper (adapter) that takes an existing container (by default `std::deque`) and limits its API to enforce FIFO behavior.
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The C++ Standard Template Library implementation of a FIFO Queue. It is a container adapter that restricts underlying structures like deque or list to only allow push at the back and pop at the front.
`std::queue` is not a fundamental data structure itself. It is a wrapper (adapter) that takes an existing container (by default `std::deque`) and limits its API to enforce FIFO behavior.
push(x) enqueues at the back. pop() dequeues from the front. front() reads the oldest element. back() reads the newest element. All are O(1).
By design, `std::queue` does NOT have iterators. You cannot write a for-loop to print its contents. You must destructively `pop()` elements to view them, strictly enforcing the FIFO rule.