THINK++ — Engineering Visualized

Syntactic Sugar

Range-Based Loops

Introduced in C++11, these loops provide a cleaner, more readable way to iterate over all elements in a container or array.

SYNTAX

vector<int> nums = {10, 20, 30};

for (int n : nums) {
    cout << n << " ";
}

Reads as: "For each integer n in nums".

WITH REFERENCES (Best Practice)

for (const auto &n : nums) {
    cout << n << " ";
}

Using & avoids copying each element, and const prevents accidental modification.

WHEN TO USE

Use whenever you need to visit EVERY element and don't need the index. If you need the index (e.g., i), use a traditional for loop.

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